References & further reading
- GB/T 12459—2017 Steel butt-welding pipe fittings — Types and parameters.
- ASME B16.9 Factory-made wrought butt-welding fittings.
- ASME B36.10M Welded and seamless wrought steel pipe (typical industry OD/wall schedule reference; obtain official PDFs separately).
- Compare against manufacturer catalog weights for quotation or freight.
Model assumptions
- Carbon-steel OD/wall uses embedded pairs for Sch5–Sch160 plus STD/XS/XXS where tabulated (through NPS 48″); schedules without a row entry are disabled—use custom OD/wall when needed. Stainless uses a separate embedded B36.19M-style table (5S/10S/40S/80S) with the same NPS keys; 5S/10S may be omitted for very large NPS in the embedded row. Values mirror common published schedule tables but are not a reproduction of any annex PDF on this site.
- Elbows: LR/SR arcs at 1.5D/1.0D, 3D elbows at R = 3×NPS×25.4 mm (GB/T 12459 Table 1 style), 180° at LR/SR radius; 90° LR reducing elbow uses averaged inlet/outlet OD & wall along the bend (screening only). Tees/crosses use LR90 strip-style approximations; welded vs seamless product codes (W-prefix) do not change this geometric screening layer.
- Reducers use slant-frustum lateral area × mean wall; eccentric reducers reuse the same shell-volume estimate as concentric for screening; override face-to-face whenever known.
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Frequently asked questions
- Why does my supplier weight differ?
- Forging practice, tolerance bands, ribs, and wall thinning change finished mass; this page gives order-of-magnitude screening only.
Extended copy on this page (headings, references, assumptions, FAQs) may be drafted or localized with AI assistance; engineering judgment and governing codes still apply. Numerical models run locally in your browser as implemented. For contract-critical work, cite primary standards and qualified review.